Obtaining Individuals Derived from Gynogenesis Using γ-Ray Irradiated Pollen in Apple
نویسندگان
چکیده
雌性側の単為生殖を誘導する方法としてγ線をはじめとする放射線を照射した花粉を授粉に用いる方法が実施されている.本研究では種子親に ‘ふじ’,‘紅玉’,‘印度’ を用いて,500 Gyのγ線を照射した ‘Golden Delicious’ の花粉を授粉に用いた場合の結果率や種子の状態を調査し,SSRマーカーを用いて獲得した種子から育成した実生の由来について調査した.試験の結果,γ線照射花粉の授粉によって獲得した実生から雌性側単為発生個体は獲得できなかったが,γ線照射花粉によって胚発生が誘導され成育途中の胚および種子のほとんどが退化することが推察された.多くの胚および種子の発育が停止する時期は6月下旬(交配後約50日)以前であり,単為発生由来個体を獲得するためにはそれ以前の時期に胚を救出し胚培養を行う必要があると推察された.雌性側単為発生個体を獲得するためにはγ線照射花粉の授粉によって結実する必要がある.今回用いた品種では ‘印度’ が高い結果率を示しており実験に適した品種と考えられた.一方,‘紅玉’ は結果率が低く,この実験には適さない可能性が考えられた.除雄操作によって自殖個体は確実に除かれたが,γ線照射花粉無除雄区で得られた自殖個体は100交配中1個体以下と少ないことから,除雄操作の手間を考慮した場合,無除雄で交配果数を多くし,実生育成後に遺伝子マーカーで選抜する手順が単為発生個体を獲得する方法として効率的と考えられた.γ線の線量が500 Gyでは一部の花粉は稔性を維持することが示されたが ‘GD’ のγ線照射花粉由来と考えられる個体は最大でも700交配中5個体とわずかであり,照射線量は500 Gyが妥当と考えられた.今後はγ花粉の花粉管伸長,受精および胚発生,胚発育の停止過程を明らかにし,胚培養による半数体由来個体獲得の可能性を探る必要がある.
منابع مشابه
Determination of Protein Content in Gamma (γ)-ray Irradiated and Non-irradiated Natural Rubber Latex Film
With the recent increase and awareness of natural rubber latex protein allergies, it is very important for all health care workers to understand and recognize the need to decrease and/or eliminate latex exposure in the rubber gloves and other rubber products for those individuals who are allergic to natural rubber latex. This study is based on a series of Lowry method of protein analysis. The f...
متن کاملUltraweak chemiluminescence from γ-irradiated humic acids
Humic substances, i.e. dark paramagnetic polymeric anionic polyelectrolytes, belong to the most widespread macromolecular substances of biogenic origin in soil and aquatic environments. The exact structure of humic substances is unknown because of their complexity resulting from unrecurring precursors, from their composition and their process of synthesis. Degradation processes of these substan...
متن کاملMeasuring γ–ray dose of terrestrial samples using β-γ Spectrometry
Background: The existence of some radionuclides in soil and some building materials produce a β-γ radiation field, which in some regions the exposure of these radionuclides to human is high. Materials and Methods: The air-absorbed dose, indoor and outdoor annual effective dose of soil and some building material samples (ceramic, granite, gypsum, etc.). The samples were collected from 3...
متن کاملγ-Tocotrienol prevents oxidative stress-induced telomere shortening in human fibroblasts derived from different aged individuals
The effects of palm gamma-tocotrienol (GGT) on oxidative stress-induced cellular ageing was investigated in normal human skin fibroblast cell lines derived from different age groups; young (21-year-old, YF), middle (40-year-old, MF) and old (68-year-old, OF). Fibroblast cells were treated with gamma-tocotrienol for 24 hours before or after incubation with IC50 dose of H2O2 for 2 hours. Changes ...
متن کاملPolymethylmethacrylate/Silver Nanocomposite Prepared by γ-Ray
Polymethylmethacrylate-silver (PMMA/Ag) nanocomposite is synthesized by irradiating the solution of silver ions in methylmethacrylate monomer by γ-ray. In this method, polymerization of the methylmethacrylate monomer and the silver ion reduction occurred simultaneously. Optical properties of the PMMA/Ag solutions are investigated using UV-Vis spectroscopy. The structural characterizations of th...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Horticultural Research (japan)
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['1347-2658', '1880-3571']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2503/hrj.21.401